rspec 测试书写规范

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之前很为写测试头痛，从现在开始测试也要认真写啊 😂 。
总是搞不懂 describe context it let subject before/after 之间先后顺序以及含义。大概看了一个 rspec-style-guide，可以有一定的了解。本文摘自 The RSpec Style Guide，详尽的请参考原文。

完整结构：

class

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class Article
  def summary
    #...
  end
  def self.latest
    #...
  end
end

article_spec.rb

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describe Article do
  subject { FactoryGirl.create(:some_article) }
  let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
  before do
    # ...
  end
  after do
    # ...
  end
  describe '#summary' do
    context 'when there is a summary' do
      it 'returns the summary' do
        # ...
      end
    end
  end
  describe '.latest' do
    context 'when latest' do
      it 'returns the latest data' do
        # ...
      end
    end
  end
end

articles_controller_spec.rb

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# A classic example for use of contexts in a controller spec is creation or update when the object saves successfully or not.
describe ArticlesController do
  let(:article) { double(Article) }
  describe 'POST create' do
    before { allow(Article).to receive(:new).and_return(article) }
    it 'creates a new article with the given attributes' do
      expect(Article).to receive(:new).with(title: 'The New Article Title').and_return(article)
      post :create, article: { title: 'The New Article Title' }
    end
    it 'saves the article' do
      expect(article).to receive(:save)
      post :create
    end
    context 'when the article saves successfully' do
      before do
        allow(article).to receive(:save).and_return(true)
      end
      it 'sets a flash[:notice] message' do
        post :create
        expect(flash[:notice]).to eq('The article was saved successfully.')
      end
      it 'redirects to the Articles index' do
        post :create
        expect(response).to redirect_to(action: 'index')
      end
    end
    context 'when the article fails to save' do
      before do
        allow(article).to receive(:save).and_return(false)
      end
      it 'assigns @article' do
        post :create
        expect(assigns[:article]).to eq(article)
      end
      it 're-renders the 'new' template' do
        post :create
        expect(response).to render_template('new')
      end
    end
  end
end